Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Injection site dictates the immune response to a biodegradable polymer and corresponding collagen regeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.04.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Denser ID tissue architecture leads to greater DAMPs release upon T-gel injection and enhanced macrophage recruitment to the implantation site. (A) Schematic diagram depicting the proposed mechanism: cell damage caused by T-gel injection releases DAMPs (e.g., HMGB1, HSP70, dsDNA and histone DNA), which activate resident macrophages via the DAMPs–TLRs–MyD88–NF-κB signaling axis, promoting secretion of chemokines such as C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCLs) and recruiting additional macrophages/monocytes from local and distal tissues to the injection site. TLRs, Toll-like receptors; MyD88, Myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88; NF-κB, Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells. (B) Comparison of maximum pushing force (N) required for ID vs. SC T-gel injection ( n = 3, data represent mean ± s.d.). ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001. (C) Immunofluorescence analysis of HMGB1 localization and HSP70 expression in tissues one day after ID or SC T-gel injection ( n = 3, data represent mean ± s.d.). ∗∗P < 0.01. (D) Immunofluorescence staining showing nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 in macrophages (CD68 + cells) one day after ID or SC T-gel injection ( n = 3, data represent mean ± s.d.). ∗∗P < 0.01. (E) RNA-seq analysis of macrophage-related chemokine expression in tissues after ID or SC T-gel injection. “SC ctrl” and “ID ctrl” denote subcutaneous and intradermal injection of normal saline, respectively. Heatmaps show expression levels (FPKM) for each sample. CCL1 and CCL6 did not show significant differences between any groups and are therefore not displayed. (F) Immunofluorescence quantification of CD68 + cells in tissues 7 days after ID or SC T-gel injection ( n = 3, data represent mean ± s.d.). ∗P < 0.05. (G) GO functional analysis of macrophage-associated terms from RNA-seq data after ID or SC T-gel injection.

Article Snippet: After antigen retrieval and blocking, sections were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies targeting vimentin, CD68 (ABclonal, A20803), CD31 (R&D SYSTEMS, AF3628), HMGB1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 3935), HSP70 (ABclonal, A23457), NF-κB p65 (ABclonal, A19653), CD206 (Cell Signaling Technology, 24595), and FAPα (ABclonal, A23789 ).

Techniques: Injection, Comparison, Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Staining, Translocation Assay, RNA Sequencing, Saline, Functional Assay

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Colocasia esculenta Corm Extract Attenuates Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer by Suppressing NF-κB Expression: An Integrated Network Pharmacology Approach and In Vivo Validation

doi: 10.3390/ijms27177693

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a ) Representative Western blot of NF-κB p65 expression. Representative Western blot bands showing the expression of NF-κB p65 protein in gastric tissues from the different experimental groups following ethanol-induced gastric injury; ( b ) Quantification of NF-κB p65 protein expression. β-Actin was used as the internal loading control. Note: 1, Normal; 2, Negative; 3, Sucralfate; 4, Quercetin; 5, EECE 200 mg/kg; 6, EECE 400 mg/kg; 7, EECE 800 mg/kg.

Article Snippet: Membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against NF-κB p65 (ABclonal Technology, Wuhan, China; Cat. No. A19653, 1:1000) and β-actin (Minneapolis, MN, USA; Cat. No. MAB8529, 1:1000), the membranes were incubated with goat anti-mouse IRDye 680RD and goat anti-rabbit IRDye 800CW secondary antibodies (LI-COR Biosciences, Lincoln, NE, USA; Cat. Nos.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Veterinary Science

Article Title: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-immune-mediated polyarthritis activities of topically applied polarity fractions of Clematis florida var. Plena and their underlying mechanisms

doi: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1846520

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of C. florida fractions on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and NF-κB p65 in AA rats ( n = 3 per group). (A) Representative Western blot images showing phospho-ERK1/2, total ERK1/2, phospho-NF-κB p65, and total NF-κB p65 in synovial tissues from different experimental groups. (B) Quantification of the phospho-ERK1/2 to total ERK1/2 ratio. (C) Quantification of the phospho-NF-κB p65 to total NF-κB p65 ratio. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test. ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 vs. control group; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. model group.

Article Snippet: The membranes were then incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies: p-ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204; Cell Signaling Technology, USA, #3033S, 1:4000), total ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling Technology, USA, #4695S, 1:1000), NF-κB p65 (phospho-Ser536) (BIOSS, China, bsm-33117M, 1:1000), and NF-κB p65 (total) (ABclonal, China, A4782, 1:2000).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Veterinary Science

Article Title: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anti-immune-mediated polyarthritis activities of topically applied polarity fractions of Clematis florida var. Plena and their underlying mechanisms

doi: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1846520

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunohistochemical staining of NF-κB p65 proteins in AA rats. (A) Immunohistochemical staining of p-NF-κB p65 expression. (B) Immunohistochemical staining of total NF-κB p65 expression. (C) Area of p-NF-κB p65 expression on osseous tissue. (D) Area of p-NF-κB p65 expression on synovial tissue. (E) Area of total NF-κB p65 expression on osseous tissue. (F) Area of total NF-κB p65 expression on synovial tissue ( n = 5). All figures were magnified by 200×. Scale bar: 50 μm. Statistical comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test. # p < 0.05, ### p < 0.001 vs. Mcontrol group; * p < 0.05, ** * p < 0.001 vs. model group.

Article Snippet: The membranes were then incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies: p-ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204; Cell Signaling Technology, USA, #3033S, 1:4000), total ERK1/2 (Cell Signaling Technology, USA, #4695S, 1:1000), NF-κB p65 (phospho-Ser536) (BIOSS, China, bsm-33117M, 1:1000), and NF-κB p65 (total) (ABclonal, China, A4782, 1:2000).

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Expressing